Source: Source: www.oecd.org

To date, the level of infrastructure development in African cities is characterized as limited and insufficient, which leads to an increase in the cost of basic services and their effectiveness. The poor development of the road network in Lagos, Nigeria, results in a loss of at least 4.3 billion annually. $. . . .

At the same time, infrastructure investment in Africa rarely exceeds 3.4% of GDP annually.

Rice, that's it. 1: Infrastructure financing in Africa (year and region dynamics)

 

It is noteworthy that 41% of all funds invested in infrastructure in Africa fall on the state, another 22% are directed by various intergovernmental organizations and supranational institutions, 24% is invested by the private sector and another 13% is allocated by non-African governments and organizations (for example, China and India).

The study highlights that most estimates of African urban infrastructure needs for financing date back to 2010-2015, when the sector averaged about 20 billion dollars a year. $. . . . The African Development Bank (ADB), in turn, estimated in 2023 that an annual urban infrastructure in Africa needs 170 billion. $. . . .

Urbanization in Africa from the perspective of politicians and experts

The study offers significant observations and recommendations on the development trends of African cities, proposed by prominent figures in the expert community.

1 (1) 1 Formal vs informal cities: the latter account for 60% of the area of African cities and 80% of their total economic capacity. However, until the city is clearly marked on the map as a separate unit, the authorities tend to ignore such settlements, paying attention mainly to formal (official) settlements.

2.2.2.2.2.2 Flexibility and adaptability are the cornerstone of the development of African cities: the multiple and multidimensional challenges (climate, security, communication, etc.) to the development of African cities require the creation of an environment that provides the fastest and most painless stability and adaptability of the population, infrastructure, environment and management systems.

3. 3. 3. Participation of local communities in the formulation of priority areas of development and subsequent implementation of measures.

(4) (4) Ensuring consistent and systematic planning of urban development and communication network.